SELECT 
  category_id, 
  parent_id 
FROM 
  cscart_categories 
WHERE 
  parent_id IN(
    701, 217, 179, 341, 345, 349, 353, 357, 
    363, 416, 412, 267, 180, 219, 343, 348, 
    346, 354, 360, 356, 361, 364, 415, 400, 
    181, 221, 344, 355, 362, 358, 365, 414, 
    350, 347, 399, 182, 342, 382, 351, 359, 
    366, 413, 223, 352, 218, 224, 245, 225, 
    228, 391, 383, 220, 404
  )

Query time 0.00184

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "53.72"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_categories",
      "access_type": "ALL",
      "possible_keys": [
        "parent"
      ],
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 233,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 78,
      "filtered": "33.91",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "37.92",
        "eval_cost": "15.80",
        "prefix_cost": "53.72",
        "data_read_per_join": "206K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "category_id",
        "parent_id"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "(`ea201_diorama`.`cscart_categories`.`parent_id` in (701,217,179,341,345,349,353,357,363,416,412,267,180,219,343,348,346,354,360,356,361,364,415,400,181,221,344,355,362,358,365,414,350,347,399,182,342,382,351,359,366,413,223,352,218,224,245,225,228,391,383,220,404))"
    }
  }
}